Microcrystalline waxes are chemically inert. The ratio of iso-paraffinic hydrocarbons and naphthenic hydrocarbons is higher for micros than for paraffin waxes. The elastic and sticky properties of microcrystalline waxes derive from the high proportion of branched, iso-paraffins. The waxes have a microscopic, crystalline structure and these small crystals provide increased flexibility compared to paraffins.

Microcrystalline waxes are extremely tough yet are very plastic. This makes them very ductile and flexible, even at low temperatures and they possess high tensile strength. Micros are highly cohesive; this gives them adhesive properties and makes them resist both water vapor and water.

Micro waxes can be used for chewing gum base, cosmetics, ointments where they harden, lubricate and protect against moisture, food packaging, protecting against moisture through wax impregnated paper, film, foil, and corrugated board, increasing the fluidity and the flexible bonding of hot-melt adhesives, crayons, candles and insulating materials.